Kewirausahaan (UAS)

Bab 10 Pemasaran
Bab 11 Manajemen keuangan
Bab 12 Perencanaan Bisnis
1. Pendahuluan (Latar belakang)
2. Deskripsi usaha (profil, legalitas, dll)
3. Identitas usaha
4. Analisis Usaha(manage keuangan: modal; peran proses,dll)
5. Kesimpulan, Saran, Solusi

Reading Comprehension / Guided Extensive Reading

Final Examination: Poem: Richard Cory
Based on the poem you have read, answer elaborately by giving proofs from the text.
1. Show the ironical aspects you find the poem!
2. Which image tell the readers that Richard Cory is a humble rich figure?
3. Why do the people scare Richard Cory?

クリスの願い

今週の小説は色彩を持たない多崎つくると、彼の巡礼の年です。。。
素晴らしいの物語でした。。。最高でした！

My Bank Account by Stephen Leacock

When I go into a bank I get frightened.  The clerks frighten me; the desks frighten me;the sight of the money frightens me; everything frightens me.

            The moment I pass through the doors of a bank and attempt to do business there, I become an irresponsible fool.

            I knew this before, but my salary had been raised to fifty dollars a month and I felt that the bank was the only place for it.

            So I walked unsteadily in and looked round at the clerks with fear.  I had an idea that a person who was about to open an account must necessarily consult the manager.

            I went up to a place marked “accountant”.  The accountant was a tall, cool devil.  The very sight of him frightened me.  My voice sounded as if it came from the grave.

            “Can I see the manager?” I said, and added solemnly, “alone.”  I don’t know why I said “alone”.

            “Certainly,” said the accountant, and brought him.

            The manager was a calm, serious man/ I held my fifty-six dollar, pressed together in a ball, in my pocket.

            “Are you the manager?” I said.  God knows I didn’t doubt it.

            “Yes,” he said.

            “Can I see you,” I asked, “alone?” I didn’t want to say

            A big iron door stood open at the side of the room.

            “Good morning,” I said, and walked into the safe.

            “Come out,” said the manager coldly, and showed me the other way.

            I went up to the accountant’s position and pushed the ball of money at him with a quick, sudden movement as if I were doing a sort of trick.

            My face was terribly pale.

            “Here,” I said, “put it in my account.”  The sound of my voice seems to mean, “Let us do this painful thing while we feel that we want to do it.”

            He took the money and gave it to another clerk.

            He made me write the sum on a bit of paper and sign my name in a book.  I no longer knew what I was doing. The bank seemed to swim before my eyes.

            “Is it in the account?” I asked in a hollow, shaking voice.

            “It is,” said the accountant.

            “Then I want to draw a cheque.”

            My idea was to draw out six dollars of it for present use. Someone gave me a cheque-book and someone else began telling me how to write it out.  The people in the bank seemed to think that I was a man who owned millions of dollars, but was not feeling very well.  I wrote something on the cheque and pushed it towards the clerk.  He looked at it.

            “What are you drawing it all out again?” he asked in surprise.  Then I realized that I had written fifty-six dollars instead of six. I was too upset to reason now. I had a feeling that it was impossible to explain the thing. All the clerks had stopped writing to look at me.

            Bold and careless in my misery, I made a decision.

            “Yes, the whole thing.”

            “You wish to draw your money out of the bank?”

            “Every cent of it.”

            “Are you not going to put any more in the account?” said the clerk, astonished.

            “Never.”

            A foolish hope came to me that they might think something had insulted me while I was writing the cheque and that I had changed my mind. I made a miserable attempt to look like a man. With a fearfully quick temper.

            The clerk prepared to pay the money.

            “How will you have it?” he said.

            “What?”

            “How will you have it?”

            “Oh-” –I understood his meaning and answered without even trying to think— “in fifty-dollar notes.”

            He gave me a fifty dollar note.

“And the six?” he asked coldly.

“In six-dollar notes,” I said.

He gave me six dollars and I rushed out.

As the big door swung behind me I heard the sound of a roar of laughter that went up to the root of the bank.  Since then I use a bank no more. I keep my money in my pocket and my savings in silver dollars in a sock.

Summary, Catetan, keperluan Untuk MK. Kwu

MKS5; 3SKS

Rangkuman/Cangkupan pembelajaran:

• Kepemimpinan
• Essay writing Pebisnis
• Motivator dan quotenya

 

• Teori berbisnis

• Konsep, strategi, teknik& taktik berbisnis
• Tipe pemasaran 
• Pricing
• Distribusi/pengecer/penjualan
• Analisis usaha: Studi kasus cashflow, menghadapi laba dan rugi
• Resiko berbisnis , Margin keuntungan & Neraca
• Syarat, Izin, Ide berbisnis

 
Tugas & Keperluan selama 1 SMT:

1. Kertas portofolio; tugas quote di foto, di kirim ke Elearning & WA (beda dosen beda instruksi)
2. Ide bisnis
3. Baazar; Keperluan jualan ditanggung sendiri.
4. Akun E-Learning (Login SIA); Jangan lupa minta password
5. Website /blog berjualan/ akun khusus/design (Bisa ambil MK APTI 1&2 Dulu ya..)

Rangkuman Keperluan makul:
Di perlukan kesabaran(3sks,) kerjasama antar team(nilai baazar sgt menentukan kelulusan mhs pd MK ini) & Ketekunan untuk makul ini. UAS & UTS meliputi teori berbisnis, kepemimpinan, SWOT, ide bisnis pribadi dan group, laporan baazar dalam beberapa paragraph.



Pendahuluan

Latar belakang, konsep, ide bisnis
What: Jenis usaha(Barang/jasa)
Why: Mengapa memilih usaha tsb(Potensi)
Who: Siapa yang akan menjalankan(SDM)
Where: Dimana akan memulai usaha(online/offline)
When: kapan akan dimulai dan berkembang  (matrik perkembangan)
How: manajemennya (POAC)

Proposal Bisnis/usaha

• Pendahuluan (latar belakang, konsep ide)
• Deskripsi usaha (ukuran, kelas, klasifikasi, jenis usaha, perizinan, produk usaha)
• Identitas usaha (profil/SDM, alamat, ruang lingkup target, visi misi, prospek)
• Analisis usaha (Manajemen keuangan/pembiayaan, cash flow statement, rencana pemasaran 4P, SWOT)
• Kesimpulan dari Analisa Usaha, saran & solusi

Contoh identitas:Profil: Nama usaha, struktur organisasi, alamat, kontak
Bidang usaha:
Pertanian(produk, pengemas, distributor, dst)

Tipe pemasaran

• Barang konsumsi (Consumers Goods): Pribadi
• Barang Industri (Industrial goods): Untuk memproduksi barang lain
• Jasa (service): bantuan usaha/sdm
• Gagasan: ide.

 Strategi Pemasaran

• Strategi penetrasi pasar
• Strategi pengembangan pasar
• Strategi pengembangan produk
• Segmentasi pasar 

Segmentation- Targeting- Positioning (STP)

• Segmentasi: membagi/ mengelompokkan pasar ke dalam beberapa segmen
• Targeting: Memilih satu/lebih segmen pasar yang dijadikan target pasar
• Positioning: mengkomunikasikan konsep produk agar masuk ke dalam benak konsumen

Teknik pemasaran

• Diferensiasi
• Produk
• Service
• People
• Image
• Bauran Pemasaran
• Product
• Price
• Place
• Promotion
• Penjualan
• Fitur selling
• Benefit selling
• Solution selling

 Pricing

Pendekatan penetapan harga secara umum meliputi satu/lebih tiga perangkat pertimbangan:

• Cost Based Pricing
• Value based Pricing
• Competition based pricing

Promotion

• Advertising: koran, tv, direct mail, radio, majalah, internet
• Sales promotion: Penghubung ke media lain, pendorong trial purcase
• Personal selling: Pemasaran mouth to mouth; sudah kenal
• Public relation: ke masyarakat umum

SWOT

• Strength: How well will you do 
• Weakness: Where to improve?
• Opportunities: What are your goal?
• Threat: What obstacle do you face? 

Penjualan/ecer/etc

1. Distribusi langsung dari produk konsumsi: Produsen  -> Pemakai
2. Distribusi ecer dan produk konsumsi; Produsen -> produsen-> konsumen
3. Distribusi Grosir dari produk konsumsi Produsen-> Grosir-> Pengecer-> Konsumen
   
4. Distribusi melalui agen penjualan: Produsen-> agen-> grosir-> pengecer-> konsumen

 Syarat pengajuan pinjaman modal:

1. Surat permohonan pembiayaan dari manajemen/pengurus.
2. NPWP usaha aktif.
3. Legalitas pendirian& perubahan(jika ada perubahan dan pengesahannya)
4.  Izin usaha: SIUP, TDP, SKD, SITU, dll *yg aktif
5. Data pengurus perusahaan
6. Laporan keuangan *cashflow* 3 tahun terakhir.
7. FTKP mutasi rekening buku tabungan/statement giro 6 bulan terakhir
8. Bukti legalitas jaminan (SHM/SHGB/BPKB/bilyetdeposito,dll)
9. Daftar kebutuhan dan bukti penawaran atas pengadaan barang/jasa yg dibiayai
10. Dokumen pendukung yg bergantung pd jenis pembiayaan Komersial.

Tipe peminjaman modal dari;

• Length of repayment: Short, intermediate, long term loans.
• Use of funds: Real, non-real, long estate loans
• Type of security: secured & unsecured
• Type of rate: fixed & variable rate
• Type of repayment plan: Single, ballon payment loan, Line of credits, Amortized loan.

Pengurusan Izin Usaha dan persyaratannya sesuai dgn kebijakan tiap daerah

• Kecamatan/ Kelurahan
• Kabupaten/kota
• Asosiasi/himpunan/Instansi terkait
• Provinsi dan nasional

Analisis usaha

• Manajemen keuangan/pembayaran/cashflow
• Rencana strategi pemasaran
• Analisis SWOT

 Penghitungan Laba/Rugi
Penjualan
Harga Produk Produksi
  Sediaan awal (+)
  Pembelian (+)
  Biaya tenaga kerja langsung (+)
  Sediaan akhir (-)
Laba Kotor (Gross Profit)
Biaya penjualan dan administrasi (-)
Operating profit
Beban Bunga (-)
Laba sebelum pajak
Pajak (-)
Laba bersih

Margin keuntungan, ROA, ROE

• Margin= laba bersih/penjualan
• ROA= Laba bersih/ total aset
• ROE= Laba bersih/ total modal sendiri

Temukan titik even point = titik tengah harga penjualan dan permintaan

Paragraph Writing

MK: Paragraph Writing

SM: 2

Q: Re-arrange and fix the grammar of the sentences and make a good paragraph using these sentences (you can also paraphrase and use sentence connectors in order to make a good paragraph.)

1.      You have to attend classes

a.      You will make a good impression your professor if  you show up to the class

b.      You can only miss class if you are genuinely sick-too sick to get anything worth while out of lecture

2.      Don’t forget to participate in classes.

a.      Attending the classes isn’t enough; you have to be active in the classes

b.      Ask questions to your lecturers, give an answer if they ask question, and contribute to discuss on sections.

3.      You must avoid procrastinating.

a.      Submit your assignment on time even though your lecturer never complain about it.

b.      Procrastinating will only make doing so more likely, and doing work early can help you get more regular sleep.